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Chemistry | Definition, Topics, Types, History, & Facts | Britannica
Chemistry is the science of the properties, composition, and structure of substances (defined as elements and compounds), the transformations they undergo, and the energy that is released or absorbed during these processes. Chemistry is concerned with the properties of atoms and the laws governing their combinations.
Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, & Types - Britannica
A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products. Substances are either chemical elements or compounds. A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products.
Chemical synthesis | Organic & Inorganic Reactions | Britannica
Chemical synthesis, the construction of complex chemical compounds from simpler ones. It is the process by which many substances important to daily life are obtained. It is applied to all types of chemical compounds, but most syntheses are of organic molecules. Chemists synthesize chemical
Chemical engineering | Processes, Principles & Applications | Britannica
chemical engineering, the development of processes and the design and operation of plants in which materials undergo changes in their physical or chemical state. Applied throughout the process industries, it is founded on the principles of chemistry, physics, and mathematics. The laws of physical chemistry and physics govern the practicability and efficiency of chemical engineering operations ...
Chemical bonding | Definition, Types, & Examples | Britannica
Chemical bonding, any of the interactions that account for the association of atoms into molecules, ions, crystals, and other species. When atoms approach one another, their electrons interact and tend to distribute themselves in space so that the total energy is lower than it would be in any alternative arrangement.
Chemical industry | Overview, Importance, & History | Britannica
Chemical industry, complex of processes, operations, and organizations engaged in the manufacture of chemicals and their derivatives. Raw materials include fossil fuels and inorganic chemicals. An average chemical product is passed from factory to factory several times before it emerges into the market.
Chemical Banking Corporation | Merger, Acquisition, Rebranding ...
Chemical Banking Corporation, former American bank holding company that merged with The Chase Manhattan Corporation in 1996. The holding company’s principal subsidiary was Chemical Bank, which was chartered in 1824 in New York City as a division of the New York Chemical Manufacturing Company.
Sodium | Facts, Uses, & Properties | Britannica
Sodium, chemical element of the alkali metal group in the periodic table.
Organic compound | Definition & Examples | Britannica
An organic compound is any chemical compound in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements, most commonly hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. The few carbon-containing compounds not classified as organic include carbides, carbonates, and cyanides.
Chlorine | Uses, Properties, & Facts | Britannica
Chlorine, chemical element of the halogen group that is a toxic, corrosive, greenish yellow gas, irritating to the eyes and respiratory system. Much chlorine is used to sterilize water and wastes, and the substance is employed either directly or indirectly as a bleaching agent for paper.
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